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The phenomenon of releasing energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation from a material, after being excited using external energy source is generally referred to as luminescence. The external energy can be of various types – light, electron beam, electric field, high energy electron. According to the type of energy sources, the luminescence is classified as photoluminescence, cathodol umi n e s ce n ce , e l e c t ro l umi n e s ce n ce , ra d i o l umi n e s ce n ce , chemiluminescence, triboluminescence, thermoluminescence, bioluminescence, etc. The classification and the corresponding excitation sources are shown in table 1.1.