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Periodontitis was believed to be an inevitable consequence of aging & uniformly distributed in population. This age old belief was again supported by another belief that disease severity was directly proportional to plaque levels. But in mid 1990’s early insight about complex diseases like periodontitis, led to new conceptual models of pathogenesis. 1 In recent years the role of microorganisms as the principle etiologic factor in periodontal diseases has gained new perspectives. Periodontal disease is a multifactorial & complex disease which is characterized by an up regulated or maladapted immune inflammatory response to bacterial plaque which predisposes to periodontal breakdown. Although periodontal disease is initiated by bacteria colonizing the tooth surface & gingival sulcus, the host response is believed to play an important role in breakdown of connective tissue & bone.