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The book covers the major dimensions of HIV medicine, beginning with the foundations of HIV infection, its epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and initial evaluation. It proceeds through the clinical manifestations of HIV, opportunistic infections, organ-specific complications, antiretroviral therapy, treatment monitoring, drug resistance, adverse effects, coinfections, and the management of special populations. It also addresses prevention, pre-exposure and post- exposure prophylaxis, long-term care, public health programmes, emerging therapeutic strategies, and future directions in HIV research. The intention is to present these subjects not as isolated topics, but as interconnected components of comprehensive patient care. A book intended for readers in India, Asia, and Africa must be relevant to the realities of these regions. Although the principles of HIV management are universal, their application is influenced by local epidemiology, the availability of diagnostic facilities, access to medicines, healthcare infrastructure, and the continuity of treatment and follow-up. Practical guidance that recognises these circumstances can help clinicians translate current knowledge into appropriate decisions at the bedside and in outpatient care. I hope this book will serve as a useful resource for clinicians and postgraduate trainees, support the continuing education of healthcare professionals, and encourage the delivery of informed, compassionate, and comprehensive care to people living with HIV. I also hope that it will stimulate readers to remain lifelong learners in a field where scientific advances continue to create new opportunities to improve patient outcomes.