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Dental caries is a major public health problem worldwide. Untreated caries in permanent teeth is the most prevalent health condition, affecting 35% of the global population; untreated caries in deciduous teeth is the tenth most prevalent health condition, affecting 9.0% of the global paediatric population.1 Caries may cause toothache, masticatory dysfunction and psychological disorders and impact the quality of life.2,3,4 Overall, the global burden of untreated caries in deciduous and permanent teeth has remained constant over the past 30 years, despite various measures implemented to prevent and control caries.